Lesson APSR:E2-5
Understanding Fruit Function and Anatomy
 
CD APSR.  Animal, Plant & Soil Science
Unit E.  Plant Science
Problem Area 2.  Plant Anatomy and Physiology
Lesson 5.  Understanding Fruit Function and Anatomy
 
 

2. What are two main functions of fruit?

a. to ensure fertilization and to provide energy

b. to insulate the seeds and to shield them from light

c. to prevent the seeds from drying and to disperse the seeds

d. to provide the seeds with food and protect them from the sun

Answer: c

3. What develop from a single ovary of a single pistil?

a. aggregate fruit

b. fleshy fruit

c. multiple fruit

d. simple fruit

Answer: d

4. What is the outer wall of the fruit?

a. endocarp

b. exocarp

c. mesocarp

d. pericarp

Answer: b

5. What substances cause the breakdown of complex cell compounds in the fruit ripening process?

a. enzymes

b. hormones

c. pigments

d. sugars

Answer: a

What is a fruit?
a)a mature, ripened ovary
b)a modified cotyledon
c)a specialized reproductive cell
d)an enlarged fertilized seed



Answer: a
What type of fruit develops from a single flower that has many pistils; examples are raspberries and blackberries?
a)aggregate fruits
b)dry fruits
c)multiple fruits
d)simple fruits


Answer: a
Watermelon, pears, peaches, and raspberries are examples of _____ fruits.
a)dry
b)fleshy
c)indehiscent
d)pericarpal


Answer: b
Why would a plant such as a milkweed evolve to have seeds that are swept up in the wind?
a)because it lacks the ability to produce a juicy fruit
b)to disseminate the seed away from the parent plant
c)to increase the oxygen level around the seed
d)to protect it from voracious caterpillars


Answer: b
Oak, walnut, filbert, and hickory produce hard, one-seeded fruit called _____, which are an important food source for wildlife.
a)achenes
b)legumes
c)nuts
d)pepos


Answer: c
Why are pine cones, fir cones, and spruce cones not considered fruit?
a)They are actually woody structures.
b)They are hard and often prickly.
c)They are not from flowering plants.
d)They develop over several years.


Answer: c
Which substances dictate fruit development?
a)alkaloids and tannins
b)amylase, hydrolase, and pectinase
c)plant hormones
d)secondary metabolites


Answer: c
What is the middle layer of the pericarp?
a)endocarp
b)exocarp
c)mesocarp
d)semicarp


Answer: c
Why do the fruit of crabapples or hawthorn change color from green to yellow, orange, or red as they ripen?
a)chlorophyll is broken down
b)epidermal cells begin to die
c)kinase neutralizes acids
d)sugars become more concentrated


Answer: a
What must be produced for most types of fruit to ripen?
a)abscisic acid
b)auxin
c)ethylene
d)gibberellic acid


Answer: c
Why have plants evolved methods of seed dissemination?
a)to improve fertilization rates of eggs in the ovary
b)to improve the chances of survival of the species
c)to improve the recombination of genetic material
d)to improve viability and vigor of germinating seeds


Answer: b